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  A plant's botanical name contains its genus name, followed by the name of the species. The first letter of the genus name is capitalized. The name of the species is italicized with the first letter in lower case. Because the spruce tree belongs to the genus Picea, spruce tree botanical names begin with "Picea," followed by the species name. Picea, which is the word for "pitch," refers to the resin that sticks to bark.
  
  

Picea Mariana

• Picea mariana is a spruce with dark blue, stiff, 4-sided needles. The name "mariana" comes from a Latin word which means "of Maryland." Common names for this spruce are bog spruce, shortleaf black spruce and swamp spruce. They're small, upright trees or dwarf shrubs with pointed, narrow crowns that grow from 30 to 50 feet tall, notes Rook.org. The Picea mariana has short, drooping, compact branches and its bark is grayish brown, thin and scaly. The roots are shallow and wide spreading. These trees produce cone-like fruit in dense clusters.
  
  

Picea Rubens

• The Picea rubens has more than one common name, including red spruce, yellow spruce or the Eastern spruce. It has grayish-brown or reddish-brown bark and horizontally spreading branches. The tree's foliage is yellow-green to dark green. Twigs of the species are somewhat fat and yellowish brown. Its leaves are yellowish-green or dark green and bear "acute" or sharp-pointed stomates. The tree's tallest known specimens both grow in the Great Smoky Mountain National Park.
  
  

Picea Pungens

• Picea pungens is the botanical plant name for the blue spruce tree. Also known as the green spruce or Colorado blue spruce, Picea pungens is a large evergreen that can reaches 50 feet in height with a pread of up to 20 feet when mature, according to Ohio State University. It grows upright and has a pyramidal growth pattern. This spruce tree grows slowly, needs full to partial sun and does best in an acidic, moist and well-drained soil. Its blue or silvery-blue foliage consists of stiff, sharp needles that grow up to 1 1/4 inches long. Its inconspicuous flowers grow on the top one-third of a mature tree.
  
  

Picea Omorika

• Picea omorika is the botanical name for the Siberian spruce. This evergreen tree has somewhat flattened needles that are 1/2 to 3/4 inch long, according to Virginia Tech University. While the tree's upper portion is green, its lower part has shiny blue or white lines of stomata that tend to curve upward. Its male flowers are red and the female blooms are purplish-green and appear in spring. It has thin to medium, orange-brown, hairy twigs. Its bark is smooth, grayish-brown and thin, although it later becomes scaly or flaky. These trees grow erect, up to 60 feet in height. Although they have a thin crown of graceful branches, their secondary limbs can be droopy.
  
  

Picea Asperata

• The Picea asperata is commonly known as the dragon spruce. It grows slowly, has a medium texture and has a broad conical crown with horizontal branches that tend to be rather pendulous with age. This spruce grows up to 80 feet tall, according to the North Carolina University website. Dragon spruces have stiff, prickly blue needles and produce light brown or chestnut fruit in cones.